农村健康促进的策略初探

Strategies for Health Education in Rural Areas,a Study Based on Investigation in Sheyang County, Jiangsu Province

目的 研究射阳县开展健康教育工作的成功经验 ,促进江苏省农村健康教育工作的全面发展。方法 通过相关资料回顾及有关人员访谈 ,研究射阳县在各相关部门共同参与下 ,选择适合当地实际情况的传播策略 ,探索广大农民喜闻乐见、易于接受的健康教育活动的新形式 ,持续开展农村地区的健康促进。结果 除了开发领导、制定规划、建立领导网络和工作网络等基础性工作以外 ,在总结示范点经验的基础上 ,制定健康教育示范户标准、健康教育普及村、健康教育普及乡镇标准 ,并组织评审 ,促进了农村健康教育的发展 ,提高了广大农民卫生知识水平和良好卫生行为的形成。结论 以健康教育示范户及健康教育普及村、乡镇的评选为载体 ,通过多种广大农民喜闻乐见、易于接受的活动形式 ,向其传播健康相关知识、改变其不良生活习惯 。

Objective To explore effective strategies for health education in rural areas.Methods With the unity and cooperation of certain departments of the government, to probe the strategy of propagation, which mainly depends on mass communication with a supplementation of interpersonal communication skills in village communities; to develop new methods for rural health education and health promotion.Results New measures, such as health education demonstrative households, health education popularization village, town, and township had been adopted.Specialized funds had been raised from many channels.The health knowledge rate among the peasants and pupils was 60 0% in 1994 and was 89 0% in 1998 (P<0 01); the health knowledge rate was 87 6% among the pupils in 1994 and was 91 2% in 1998 (P<0 01) The health behavior rates about hand washing, teeth brushing, kitchen hygiene, courtyard hygiene, etc among the peasants were increased in 1998 in comparison with those in 1994 (P<0 01) However, the smoking rate remained almost the same The incidence rate of infectious disease, mortality rate of infants and young children, mortality rate of pregnant and lying in women significantly decreased in 2001 in comparison with those in 2000 (all P<0 01) Conclusion The measures, such as health education demonstrative households, health education popularization village, town, and township are effective in rural areas