通过原生质体融合改建酵母细胞的研究——Ⅳ.原生质体融合技术在酵母育种上的应用

The Application of Protoplast Fusion Technique to Improvement of Yeast Strain

HU-KDF-185菌株是通过原生质体融合并经筛选而获得的酿酒酵母(Saccharomycescerevisiae var. ellipsoideus HUK-1,(1a,his^-)与糖化酵母(Saccharomyces diastaticus, a, arg^-)的种间三倍体融合杂种.作者在实验室条件下对其发酵生物学进行比较研究后,在仙居酒厂对该融合杂种发酵不同淀粉质原料的适应性及其酒精产量作了生产规模的比较试验。结果表明,种间融合杂种HU-KDF-185对番薯渣原料的酒精产量平均为30.77％,这比我国目前广为应用的酒精生产菌株K氏酵母(29.71％)和新市一号(29.54％)分别增产3.56％和4.16％;在大米原料的发酵中,其酒精产量平均为35.38％,比大米酒精生产菌株M-85(32.87％)相对增产酒精7.64％,而番薯丝原料的酒精产量平均为30.20％,比生产菌株新市一号(28.70％)相对增产酒精5.23％.由此可见,种间融合杂种HU-KDF-185在不同类型的淀粉质原料的发酵中,其酒精增产效果显著而稳定,这也证明了我们通过原生质体融合技术所获得的种间融合杂种将是一株较优良的酒精高产菌株.同时也表明原生质体融合技术对酒精酵母的选育,特别是对那些在其生活周期中缺乏或失去有性过程的工业酵母更为有用.

The new yeast strain HU-KDF-185 screened from interspecific fusants between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S.diaslaticus demonstrates a high-yield producer of ethanol, The strain produces 30.77% of ethanol on account of fermented materials when it ferments saccharified liquid (about 5.0-5.5 Brix) prepared from dried sweet potato-residuces after making starch in the productive fermentation test of Xian Ju distillery. However, the ethanol industrial strain K(control strain 1 ) and Xin Shi-I (control strain 2) only produce 29.71% and 29.54% of ethanol respectively under the same fermentation conditions. The above results show that the strain HU-KDF-185 produces more ethanol; about 3.56% and 4.16% higher than those of both strains K and Xin Shi-I, Thus it is seen that the interspecific hybrid HU-KDF-185 is a valuable productive strain in the ethanol industry.