钱塘江干流沿岸鸟类群落结构及分布特征的研究

A Study on Community Structure and DistributionalCharacteristics of Birds in the Mainstream Area of Qiantang River, Zhejiang Province

1981—1990年对钱塘江干流沿岸进行了累计14个月的鸟类调查,该地区的鸟类区系共有206种组成,隶属17目41科,其中古北界种类105种,占51％,与冬候鸟和旅鸟的比例高有关.在繁殖鸟中,东洋界种类占绝对优势.群落优势度依次为钱塘江段>富春江段>新安江段,多样性指数却相反.随着从新安江到钱塘江的环境由中山丘陵→低山丘陵→平原农田,河滩的改变,鸟类的群落结构也由山地林区鸟类向平原田野和沼泽水域鸟类变化.

In the mainstream ares of the Qiantang River, including the Fuchun River and the Xinan River from 1981 to 1990, 206 species of birds were found, belonging to 17 orders and 41 families. Among them, the birds of the Palaearctic realm accounted for 51% of the total avifauna. The birds of the Oriental realm amounted to 79.2% among breeding birds in this area. Simpson index of the bird community was highest in the section of the Qiantang River and lowest in the section of the Xinan River. Shannon-wiener index, however, was highest in the section of the Xinan River. The bird community structrue varied from the bird community of the forest to the bird community of the flatland, the marshland and the water because of the variety of the environment.