3Block BM,Liu SS,Rowlingson AJ,et al.Efficacy of postoperative epidural analgesia:a meta-analysis[J].JAMA,2003,290(18):2455-2463.
4Zaric D,Nydahl PA,Philipson L,et al.The effect of continuous lumbar epidural infusin of ropivacaine(0.1%,0.2%,0.3%)and0.25% bupivacaine on sensory and motor block in volunteer; adouble-blind study[J].Reg Anesth,1996,21(1):14-25.
5孙大金 杭燕南.实用麻醉学[M].北京:中国科技出版社,2001.444.
6江明性 杨藻宸.药理学[M](第3版)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1992.134.
7周自水 王世祥.新编常用药物手册[M].北京:金盾出版社,1992.44.
8庄心良,曾因明.现代麻醉学[M].第3版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2004,1102.
9Vertommen JD, Vandermeulen E, Van AKen H, et al. The effects of the addition ofsufentanil to 0. 125 % Bupivacaine oc the quality of analgesia during labor And on the incidence of instrumental deliveries [J]. Anesthesiology, 1997,74:809.
10Cheam Ews,Morgan M. Editiorial..the superionty of epidural opioids for postoperative analgesia-fact Fallacy? [J]. Anaesthesia, 1994,49 : 1019.
