世界历史和东方社会理论

World History and the Theory of the East

马克思对东、西方不同社会形态的分析，借助了黑格尔的“世界历史”主词。他认为，世界历史的发展具有普遍规律性，任何国家要形成自己的历史，就必须把自己纳入世界历史体系中。据此，马克思分析了东方社会以及它所具有的特殊性。在世界历史的普遍法规下，东方社会可以在特定历史条件下有不同于西方的发展序列，可以不通过资本主义的“卡夫丁峡谷”，直接进入社会主义阶段，但有一个前提：社会生产力的发展。

In his analysis of the diffenent social formations of the East and the West, Marx made use of Hegel's subjat 'World History'. He holds that the historians development of the world follows a universal law and that every nation, in forming its own history, has to bring itself into line with the system of world history. From this viewpoint Marx analysed the society of the East and its specific characteristics. Following the genelal law of world history, the society of the East might develop, in given historical conditions, in a different order from that in the west and might, Leaping over the stage of capitalism, directly enter the socialist stage, but there is one precondition: the development of social productive forces.