马丁·布伯对话教学思想探析

A Probe into Martin Buber’s Thoughts on Dialogic Teaching

马丁·布伯的对话教学思想以其对话哲学为基础,将教学视为与学生“相遇”的重要影响力,承担着使学生的潜能得以自由发展和历史更新、使学生形成建立“对话”关系的能力、使“我-它”知识向“我-你”知识转化的重任;教师在对话教学中既是使世界达到学生的选择者,也是学生灵魂再生的向导,还要以其自身的整体存在作为学生的模范;至于对话教学中的师生关系,布伯认为信任是师生对话关系得以存在的基础,“肯定他者”是教师对学生的态度,而“包含”则是师生关系的本质。

Martin Buber’s thoughts of dialogic teaching based on his Dialogic Philosoph y,regards the teaching as the importantly influential force encountered with th e pupil which undertakes the heavy re sponsibilities to make the student ’s pot entiali ties develop freely,renew historically,promote the stu-dent evolving a special capacity of setting dia logic relationship and impel the transformati on from“I-It”knowledge to“I-You”knowledge.The teach er play s an importan t pole in dialogic teaching because teach-er is not only a selector of the wor ld appearing in front of his students,but also a guide bringing about a re b irth in the soul of his pupil and an example for pupils with his whole being in the classroom;as for the re la tion ship between teacher and pupil,Buber thin ks that the trust is its basis,“confirm ing the oth er”is the teach er’s att i tude to pupils and“inclusion”is its nature.