拆解文化围墙的“指挥棒”——浅析外语教学大纲中的文化教学目的

The “Director” in Breaking & Removing the Cultural Enclosure ——A Brief Analysis of the Cultural Aims in Foreign Language Teaching Syllabuses of Some Countries

随着国际间跨文化交际活动的日益增长 ,人们在跨文化交际过程中出现的交际失误和误解也越来越多。而事实及研究证明 ,这些交际失误和误解大多与文化有关。针对交际者在跨文化交际活动中出现的失误和误解 ,也许人们会不约而同地抱怨我们的教育部门没有给我们的外语教学提供合适的教材。虽然这些抱怨不无道理 ,但笔者认为 ,这与外语教学大纲所规定的文化教学目的最具直接关系。因为教材中的文化教学内容是受到大纲中文化教学目的之制约的。为此 ,本文旨在通过对相关问题的提出 ,分析探究我们的外语教学大纲对文化教学目的是如何规定的 ,并展开讨论 ,看他们是否在培养学习者的跨文化交际能力方面发挥了其最佳作用。本文也旨在引起学者们更多的高质量讨论 ,以修订出一个更加有效和系统地指导我国外语教学的文化教学大纲 ,进一步加强对学习者跨文化交际能力等方面的培养。

With the ever increasing of intercultural activities, the breakdowns and misunderstandings in intercultural communication are becoming an evident phenomenon. As research reveals, those breakdowns and misunderstandings have a lot to do with cultural knowledge of the country whose language is being learned. Speaking of the mentioned failure, many people might all blame our language teaching or our educational department for not being able to provide us with textbooks that properly integrate language and culture. Although this argument is quite reasonable, yet the writer of this paper believe that this has something to do with the syllabuses that directing our foreign language teaching and textbook-writings, to be exact, this has something to do with the cultural aims laid down by those syllabuses. Therefore, this paper is to make an analysis of the cultural aims prescribed by these syllabuses, based on the discussion of some concerned questions, to see whether they are helpful or not in helping the learners to develop a healthy attitude towards foreign cultures and their intercultural communicative competence, and discuss the matter with the colleagues in the area the world over in an attempt to develop a systematic and consistent cultural syllabus so that more qualified personnel will be produced.