腰神经后外侧支的解剖学研究

Anatomical study of the external branch of the lumbar posterior ramus

目的 为探讨腰神经后外侧支在其行程中是否受压的有关解剖因素。方法 在 2 0具成人尸体标本上 ,观察腰神经后外侧支的走行、分段 ,固定点及与其有关的解剖结构 ;测量了臀上皮神经在出管点及入臀点处的外径 ,并以坐标方法确定体表定位。结果 腰神经后外侧支的行程中有四个段 ,六个固定点 ,臀上皮神经在出管点及入臀点处的直径 T1 2 、L1 - 4 均数分别为 1.2 8mm、1.5 1m m,体表定位在距横坐标下方 13 m m处作一水平线与距纵坐标外侧 62 - 77m m处作两条垂直线的四个交点区域内。结论 在腰神经后外侧支的行程中存在多处受压的解剖因素 ,其中以入臀点处更明显。

Objective To study the associated anatomical factor of the compression of the external branch of the lumbar posterior ramus.Methods The couese,section,fixed point,and associated structures were observed on 20 adult cadacers;the external diameters of the superior gluteal cutaneous nerve were measured at the point where it entered the buttocks;and the locations were comfirmed by coordinate axis on the body surface.Results There are 4 divisions and 6 fixed point6s on the course of the external b ranch of the lumbar posterior ramus,the average diametor of the superior gluteal cutaneous nerve at the points where it entered the transverse process and buttocks were 1.28mm;1.51mm distinguish (include T 12,L 1-4),the location was in a square area,that is,the superior bound was the abscissa,the inferior bound was 13mm below the line of abscissa,the medial and lateral bounds were about 62~77mm away from the ordinate respectively.Conclusion several compression factors along the course of the external branch of the lumbar posterior ramus,among them,the point where it entered the buttocks was more obvious.This provides and anatomical basis for clinical treatment of lumbar-legs pains caused by the superior gluteal cutaneous nerve.