人天和谐与可持续发展

The Harmony of Human-Nature and Sustainable Development

人与自然的关系经历了人对自然的依赖性、人对自然的独立性以及人对自然的自由性三个阶段。人与自然的关系问题,实质上是以人的社会化了的生物性需求为基础、以人的生产实践为中介的社会的存在与发展同环境与资源的关系问题。生态环境的承载能力、资源的安全利用标准以及铁的自然规律,是设定人类社会生存与发展空间的重要依据。当代人类所面临的生存与发展困境,是由多重原因交互作用而造成的。消除环境污染和生态危机,寻求人与自然的和解与协调发展,需要观念的转变、制度的重新安排和实践方式的调适与创新,要实现由机械的环境观向系统的生态环境观、由片面的发展观向全面的综合的发展观、由资源无价的旧观念向资源价值观的转变;要建立合理的交往方式,实行经济和社会体制变革;要转变经济发展方式,实现经济社会的可持续发展。

The relationship between Man and Nature, in essence, is one between social being and social development, and environment and natural resources, with Man's socialized biological demand as its basis and Man's productive practice as its medium. Factors such as bearing capacity of the ecological environment, criterion for the safe use of resources and the irresistible law of Nature provide significant basis for the existence and development of human society. Man's present predicament stems from the interaction of multifaceted elements. In view of the above discussion, the author presents his view of attaining sustainable development.