长白山天池火山减灾对策初探

Preliminary Study on Mitigation Countermeasure of Volcanic Hazards of Tianchi Volcano,Changbai Mountains

国内外专家学者认为 ,长白山天池火山是一座具潜在灾害性喷发危险的活火山 ,因此制定火山减灾对策理应提到议事日程。针对天池火山研究现状和火山灾害特点 ,制定了火山活动各阶段的减灾对策。中长期阶段应加强火山监测与研究和火山知识宣传工作 ,采取必要的工程防护措施 ,重大工程进行火山安全性评价 ,制定火山喷发应急预案 ;短期阶段请求国际火山流动监测台网给予支援 ;临近喷发阶段重点是有组织的撤离 ;喷发及其后阶段应及时救灾抢险 ,对火山喷发趋势进行科学判定 ,合理地重建家园。

The volcanologists at home and abroad considered that Tianchi volcano is an active one with a potential eruption risk and thus working out the mitigation countermeasure of the volcano hazards should be placed on the agenda.The mitigation countermeasure in different stages of volcanic activity has been worked out in the light of exist study of the Tianchi volcano and the features of the volcanic hazards.It is necessary to strengthen monitoring and study of the volcano and propagation of volcanic knowledge,to adopt essential engineering protection,to make volcanic risk evaluation and work out emergency programme of volcanic eruption in medium-long term stage,to ask help from international volcanic mobile monitoring network in short-term stage,to leave in orderly way in impending eruption stage,to deal with an emergency and to provide disaster relief during eruption and post eruption and to judge eruption tendency and to rebuild homeland rationally during post eruption.