披针叶黄华总生物碱对小鼠的毒性

A toxicity experiment of general alkaloid of Thermopsis lanceolate on mice

用醇溶剂法提取了披针叶黄华总生物碱 ,并采用给小鼠口腔灌服的方法对该生物碱进行了毒性试验。结果表明 ,30 0 mg/kg剂量 1次灌服 ,2～ 3.5 min可使受试小鼠全部死亡 ;每日 2 0 0 mg/kg剂量 1次灌服 ,7～ 15d可使受试小鼠全部致死 ;每日 1次灌服剂量分别为 5 0 ,75 ,10 0 ,12 5 ,15 0 mg/kg时 ,均在 6 0 d内使受试小鼠全部致死。每日 1次灌服剂量为 5 0 mg/kg的小鼠剖检结果 :以实质器官充血、出血为主 ;组织学变化呈现心脏纤维肿胀 ,肌浆内出现多量红色细小颗粒 ,间质毛细血管充血 ;肝细胞肿大 ,胞浆内出现大小不等、多少不一的空泡 ;脾脏白髓的脾小体和中央动脉淋巴套增生 ,淋巴细胞增多 ,红髓的脾窦和髓索轻度充血 ;肺脏血管充血 ;肾小球血管丛轻度充血 ,近曲肾小球上皮细胞肿胀 ,管腔狭窄或空气堵塞等。

Thermopsis lanceolate was extracted by method of alcohol dissolution and general alkaloid could be obtained.The toxic experiment of general alkaloid being poured to the throat of mice by oral cavity demonstrated:different dose of alkaloid poured to mice had diffferent symptom.Dose 300 mg/kg with 2-2.5 min may kill all mice;Dose 200 mg/kg may kill all mice during 5-15 days,dose 50,75,100,125,150 mg/kg may kill all mice in 60 days.Dissected symptom of mice of dose 50 mg/kg showed greatly that substantial organism became bloodshot and edema.Histologically,myocardium fiber swelled and there were a lot of red minute particles in muscle plasma.Blood capillary became bloodshot;liver cell swelled and unequal and unaverage hollow bubble existed in cellular plasma.The small ball of white marrow of spleen and the surface of lymph of the central artery proliferated and red marrow spleen hole and marrow cable bleeded.Vein of lung became bloodshot,the blood vessel cluster of ball of kideney was stuffed by blood slightly.Epithelial cell of small tube nearer to kidney swelled.Cavity of tube became narrow or air was stuffed ect.