母牛超数排卵的研究进展

The studies of bovine superovulation

超数排卵技术作为一项实用的繁殖技术 ,在牛的改良和育种中应用广泛。常用的超排程序是 2 0世纪 80年代初成型并推广使用的。现在超排技术基本稳定 ,近 10年国际胚胎移植协会的统计资料表明 ,每头供体牛平均可获得 6枚可用胚。在超排研究中 ,人们最初以减少个体差异和提高受精率为中心 ,逐步转向从激素、程序和饲养管理方面寻找简化实用的改进方法 ,并且对预测个体的超排效果作了一些探索。文章从对供体母牛超排前的预测、超排方案的细化、影响超排效果的因素以及改进超排的思路 4个方面对超排研究进行了论述。

Superovulation is an efficient and useful technique to obtain progeny from genetically valuable females.The procedure was formed in the early 1980.Generally,every donor can recover 6 embryos in the last ten years,which can be illustrated that this technique is almost stable.In those experiments,decreasing the individual difference and improving the rate of fertilization are studied at first.Now scientists want to get the simple and practical approaches by the hormone,procedure,nutrition and management.The prediction of superovulation is also researched.In a word,the basic situation,including the result prediction,the influence factors,the method improvement and the thoughts of getting an efficient procedure,is presented in this review.