走向峰巅的西方近代美育思想

Modern Western Aesthetic-Education Ideas Tending Towards Summit

近代西方,在反对宗教神性的道路上,走着两派相反相成的人性"自由"的伴旅:理性自律的自由和感性自然的自由。与此相应,在生命美的构建上,形成了追求理性自律的美育思想和追求感性自然的美育思想。二者以其各自的理由和偏颇完成了对构建生命美的历史思考。嗣后,弥合人性分裂的美育思想应运而生,并在席勒那里以"审美的王国"的乌托邦描画达到了马克思主义以前的理论峰巅。

On the way against religious divinity in modern western world, there showed two tendencies opposing each other but also complementing each other to the freedom of humanity:the freedom of rational self-discipline and the freedom of perceptual nature. Correspondingly, on the constitutions of life aesthetics, the ideas pursuing rational self discipline and the ideas pursuing perceptual nature came into being. They accomplished their historical reflections in their respective reason and limitation. Then, the aesthetic education ideas combining the separated humanity emerged as the times require, and reached the theoretical summit before the foundation of Marxism with the description of Utopia as “the aesthetic kingdom” by Shieler.