湖南舜皇山常绿阔叶林种类组成数量综合特征 Ⅰ乔木物种重要值

A Numerical and Synthetic Study of Evergreen and Broad-leaved Tree Species in Shunhuang Mountain of Hunan Province: I. study of species significant value

研究森林群落种类组成的数量综合特征,以期为揭示森林群落结构规律、营建以及保护或利用多功能的森林生态系统提供依据.用3个特征指标数值综合为重要值的定量方法,分层测定亚热带常绿阔叶林各物种在群落组成中的地位和作用.结果表明:经过顺向演替,中亚热带常绿阔叶林的种类组成比较丰富,在1000m2左右的3个样地内有乔木22～30种.乔木层的优势种主要由壳斗科、樟科、木兰科、槭树科等常绿树种所组成,大多为珍贵的用材树种和庭园绿化树种.乔木层中含有常绿、半常绿、落叶3个层片,攀援或附生多种层间植物,已形成多层的立体群落结构,表现出向更高阶段演替的外貌特征.

In order to find out some structural law of the forest community and provide a foundation for building up, protecting and utilizing the multifunctional forest ecological system, numerical and synthetic characteristics of the forest community species that are based on the composition of the forest community varieties were studied. The quantitative method, whose significant value is synthesized from three characteristic indexes, was applied to determining the status and function of each subtropical broadleaved variety of species. The result shows that there is much abundance in species composition of the middlesubtropical evergreen forests after forward succession; that there are 22～30 kinds of arbor, 11～14 kinds of shrubs, 10～21 kinds of herbages in three sample fields of 1 000 m2 areas or so; that according to the ranking of the significant values, the dominant species of arbor layer mainly consist of Fagaceae, Lauraceae, Magnoliaceae and Aceraceae, which are mostly rare usingwood trees and curtilage trees,those of shrub layer mainly consist of evergreen trees that are Theaceae, Symplocaceae and Myrsinaceae, and those of herbage layer consist of ptridum aquilinum, Zingiberaceae and Cyperaceae; and that there are many species in shrubs and herbages that possess strong function of waterconservation and high value for medicine. There are always three levels among arbor, shrub and herbage, i.e. evergreen, semievergreen and deciduous. The appearance of the climber and aerophyte shows that the community structure is multilayer and threedimensional, which manifests the characteristic for developing at advanced succession. The significant values can objectively manifest the numerical and synthetic characteristics of the evergreen and broadleaved tree species.