紫红短须螨的生物学特性及其应用研究

Application of Brevipalpus phoenici to the Controlling of Mikania micransa

微甘菊是我省的1种对农业、林业生产及环境能造成很大的破坏性杂草,为了有效地对其进行控制,利用紫红短须螨(Brevipalpusphoenicis)——薇甘菊的一种重要天敌对其进行试验。结果表明:在室内、外试验,每瓶或每盆薇甘菊中接种50～200头紫红短须螨,45～89d后,薇甘菊茎叶全部黄化或死亡;在野外大田中接种,159d以后,形成明显的中心枯死区,并且逐渐扩大.因此,用紫红短须螨控制薇甘菊可望成为的一个新途径.

Brevipalpus phoenicis is an important natural enemy to Mikania micrantha. Its generations are continuous in Guangzhou, often overlapping. Based on laboratory studies,there are 6～7 generations per year. The duration from newly laid egg to adult requires the minimum of 18.6 days at 30℃ and the maximum of 48.8 days at 20℃ under laboratory conditions. The mite can not complete its life cycle at humidity below 30%, nor at average temperature above 30℃ or below 20℃. The duration from newly laid egg to adult requires 28～55 days at 11～28.5℃ under laboratory natural average temperature at humidity between 58%～97%. There is a maximum number of Brevipalpus phoenicis on Mikania micrantha in June to July and the second number peak in August to October. According to tests in or out of doors, all leaves and stems of Mikania micrantha change to scorch or kraurotic after displacing 50 to 200 heads of Brevipalpus phoenicis to Mikania micrantha per pot for 45～89 days. Kraurotic leaves and stems are clearly formed after displacing Brevipalpus phoenicis for 159 days and then, this kraurotic section will increase gradually. Therefore, to control Mikania micrantha with Brevipalpus phoenicis can be a new means of weed management.