道家虚以待物的心斋与海德格尔人本质的贫困

The Spiritual Fast of Taoism and Heidegger's Poverty of Human Nature

道家的素朴之性是人原初、先天的存在,只要人存在着,他就不断地展开着这一素朴恬淡的本性,持续地敞开自身,肩负着它的生存,承载着它的本性,这一本性只能在冥默中显现,在玄同的境域中展开。海德格尔批驳了那种把人在世界中存在分为精神与肉体两个方面:即人具有精神特性;人的身体占据着空间,这两个方面都把精神和身体看作现成的东西。他认为寻根溯源返回到生存基础的过程是学习如何本真生存的过程,是去寻找与人擦身而过存在的过程,是重新持守存在、呵护存在的过程。

Simplicity is regarded by Taoists as the initial state of human being, and it is part of human nature. As long as man lives, he always manifests this nature, which unfolds itself in obscurity and silence, and in profound sameness. Heidegger criticizes the dualist idea that a man is composed of soul and body, believing that returning to his origin, purity and simplicity, is the process of learning to be oneself, and the process of regaining and protecting being.