民国前南社的遗民情结

The Promotion of a Culture of the Old Adherents by Nanshe Before the Foundation of the Republic of China

民国建立以前,出于反清排满的政治目的,南社瞩目于遗民文化。为了遗民话语的营建,南社自发或有组织地凭吊纪念宋明末代帝君陵墓、忌辰。在这些活动中他们称宋明末代君主为"先皇",在心理和情感上认同遗民;还通过表彰缅怀以往遗民烈士,激发勇武阳刚之气和以天下为己任的胸襟,表现反清排满的思想;对明遗烈志士诗文遗集的搜集、整理、刊行是南社追步遗民文化的重要贡献。由于对遗民文化的过分偏爱,南社表现出浓重的遗民情结。

Nanshe, as a civil society organization, paid much attention to the culture of old adherents of past dynasties in their attempt to expel the Man nationality before the establishment of the Republic of China. To create a discourse for the adherents of the past dynasties, members of Nanshe either took part in or organized activities to commemorate the emperors of Song and Ming Dynasties. They called the emperors of Song and Ming dynasties 'xianhuang'(former emperors), and psychologically identified themselves with the old adherents of past dynasties. They promoted heroic deeds and people's responsibility for their country by honoring and mourning the old adherents of the past dynasties. They collected, compiled and published those people's books which contributed a lot to the creation of the old adherents' culture. Their preference for such a culture showed that they were strongly affiliated with the old adherents. 