粉煤灰填充聚氯乙烯复合材料的摩擦学特性研究

Study on Tribological Properties of Fly Ash Filled Polyvinyl Chloride Composites

用热压方法制备了不同粉煤灰粒度及含量的聚氯乙烯(PVC)复合材料,在MM-200型环-块摩擦磨损试验机上评价了复合材料同淬火45#钢在干摩擦条件下对摩时的摩擦磨损性能,用扫描电子显微镜及光学显微镜观察分析磨损表面.结果表明:当粉煤灰质量分数为40%时,填充PVC复合材料的硬度最高,相应的磨损率最低,比纯PVC的磨损率低2个数量级以上;粉煤灰粒度越小,复合材料的硬度越高,耐磨性越好.

The polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites containing fly ash of various grit sizes and mass fractions were prepared by hot pressing. The hardnesses of the composites were measured, and their tribological properties in dry sliding against the quenched AISI1045 steel were evaluated on an MM-200 friction and wear tester. The worn surfaces of the composites and their transfer films on the counterpart steel surfaces were observed with a scanning electron microscope and an optical microscope respectively. Experimental results showed that the composite containing 40% fly ash had the highest hardness and the smallest wear rate, and the wear rate of the composite was reduced by over 2 orders of magnitude. Moreover, the composite filled with the fly ash of smaller grit size showed better wearresistance, owing to the strengthened bonding between the filler and the PVC matrix. However, the composite containing over 50% of the filler had a decreased wear resistance, which was attributed to the weakened interaction between the filler and the polymer matrix in the presence of inadequate polymer matrix. The improved wearresistance of the composite in dry sliding against the steel was attributed to the formation of the composite transfer film thereon, which contributed to decrease the friction and wear significantly.