睾丸微石症的超声诊断价值及临床意义

Testicular microlithiasis: ultrasonic diagnostic value and its clinical significance

目的 :探讨睾丸微石症 (TM )的超声表现、诊断及临床意义。 方法 :对 2 0 0 2年 1月至 7月因生殖系统疾病就诊的 97例患者临床资料、超声检查结果及文献回顾分析。 结果 :共检出TM 5例 ,其中男性不育 2例、睾丸炎 1例、睾丸精原细胞瘤 1例、成熟性畸胎瘤 1例。超声检查发现精索静脉曲张 3例 ,萎缩性睾丸 2例 ,睾丸鞘膜积液 1例 ,精液囊肿 1例。超声表现为睾丸实质内弥散分布着直径为 1～ 3mm、后方无声影的点状强回声。 结论 :TM是沉积于睾丸曲精小管内独特的钙化物形成的综合征 ,可与多种疾病相伴 ,通常经超声诊断。诊断标准为睾丸内任一切面均可发现 5个以上、直径 <3mm。

Objectives:To study the ultrasonogram, diagnosis and significance of testicular microlithiasis (TM). Methods:The clinical data and ultrasonographic outcomes of 97 patients with the genital system diseases were retrospectively analyzed. Results:Five patients with TM were found, and the prevalence of TM is 5.2%. of 5 cases, 2 cases were associated with infertility, 1 cases with orchitis,1 case with seminoma, and 1 case with mature teratoma. Three cases with varicocele,2 cases with atrophic testis, 1 case with hydrocele and 1 case with spermatocele, were found out with the use of a high frequency transducer. The sonographic appearance of TM is multiple tiny(1-3 mm),no acoustic shadowing hyperechoic foci that are randomly scattered throughout the testicular parenchyma. Conclusions:Testicular microlithiasis has been associated with a variety of clinical entities, and it is an uncommon condition in which calcified concretions fill the lumen of seminiferous tubule, commonly diagnosed by high frequency (5～10 MHz ) testicular ultrasound. The accepted standard of TM is multiple small nonshadowing hyperechoic foci up to 3 mm in size, with five or more evident on a single sonogram.