从《威尼斯商人》的女性人物塑造看莎士比亚的女权主义倾向

A Feminist Reading of The Merchant of Venice

本文借助女性主义"妇女形象"批评方法分析《威尼斯商人》,发现莎士比亚塑造的女性形象并不是女性主义批评家们所批评的男性笔下两个极端类型:好女人,坏女人;相反,他塑造了反传统的、具有现代思想的女性。同男性形象相比,女性处于主动、中心地位而男性则处于被动、服从地位,因而打破了父权中心,解构了父权社会对妇女的界定,指明了莎士比亚的女权主义倾向。

An analysis of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice from the perspective of the feminist 'female image' theory manifests the fact that the Shakespearean heroines do not fall simply into two stereotypes, namely, the good or the bad; rather, endowed with the modern antipatriarchal spirit, they are in the center of the stage whereas the men are in a subordinate and marginal position. By doing so, Shakespeare has successfully undermined the patriarchal ideology and facilitated the deconstruction of the traditional definition of women by a mencentered society, thereby offering a clearcut silhouette of his feminist ideas.