从汉英对比看对比语言学问题

Discussion of Contrastive Linguistics from the Perspective of Contrast between Chinese and English

世界各民族语言存在着一致性和相异性。从汉英对比可以看出 ,一致性表现在概念的一致性 ,思维的一致性和句子结构一致性等。相异性表现在文化和宗教信仰、地理环境、气候不同形成不同表达方式、对句子成分不同认识导致句子结构差异、思维反应现实要素顺序不同导致词序差异、思维模式的不同导致篇章语义结构模式的不同等等。对一致性和相异性共时研究是对比语言学的根本任务。它对外语学习、外语教学和翻译有着重要的指导意义。

There exists sameness and similarities and differences in the languages of each nation in the world.From the perspective of comparing and contrasting Chinese and English,we can see the sameness and similarities are the results of the same or similar concepts,thinking images and sentence structures of Chinese people and English.The great differences are caused by different cultures and beliefs,geographical locatons and climates,different understanding of parts of speech in sentences,different thinking modes,etc.The study of the sameness or similarities and differences is the task of Contrastive Linguistics and it is of cardinal importance to foreign language study and foreign language teaching as well as other related fields.