用荧光原位杂交技术对医用诊断X射线工作者染色体畸变的研究

A study on chromosome aberration in medical diagnostic X-ray workers by fluorescence in situ hybridization

目的 用荧光原位杂交 (FISH)技术研究小剂量职业受照者的辐射损伤远期效应。方法 用 4号和 7号全染色体探针 ,分析 2 5名早期X射线工作者和 10名对照者外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变 ,并用Giemsa染色验证。结果 X射线工作者的易位占其染色体总畸变的 84% ,其他各种畸变率分别为插入 (Ins) 2 % ,双着丝粒 (Dic) 5 %和无着丝粒断片(Ace) 10 % ;X射线工作者的染色体易位率和总畸变率均明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ,染色体易位随着放射工龄增加而增加。 1965年前工作的X射线工作者的染色体易位与同期对照组相比 ,差异有非常显著性 (P <0 0 1) ;1965年后工作的X射线工作者的染色体易位与同期对照组相比 ,差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。

Objective To study long term radiation effect in occupational workers exposed to low dose X ray using the method of fluorescene in situ hybridization (FISH). Methods The peripheral lymphocyte chromosome aberrations from 25 medical X ray workers and 10 controls were analyzed by FISH with probes of chromosomes 4 and 7 and verified with Giemsa staining. Results The chromosome translocations of X ray workers were 84% of all chromosomes in this group. Ins (insertion), Dic(dicentric) and Ace(acentric fragment) were 2%, 5% and 10% respectively. The frequencies of chromosome translocations and total aberrations in X ray workers were higher than those of controls( P <0 01). Chromosome translocations appeared to be increased along with the prolongation of working years in their position. According to the calendar year of entry before/after the year of 1965 as the border, the data showed that the chromosome translocation of the before 1965 was higher than that of the corresponding controls( P <0 01) and the chromosome translocation of the after 1965 was not higher than that of the corresponding controls( P >0 05). Conclusion Chromosome aberrations were shown in the peripheral lymphocyte of medical X ray workers with translocations predominantly.