中国南方岩溶地区脆弱的生态环境及石漠化过程

The fragile eco-system and the process of rocky desertificationin South China

中国南方岩溶地区分布有面积广泛的碳酸盐岩,发育多种岩溶地貌。由于该地区的特殊的地质、水文、气候等自然因子的影响,其岩溶生态环境非常脆弱,环境容量低,敏感度高,抗干扰能力弱。当人类对森林进行破坏使森林的"生物泵"作用消失后,引发出一系列的生态问题:岩溶生态环境开始恶化,植被走向逆向演替等。最后出现大面积的石山,发生石漠化现象。可见,森林在岩溶生态系统中的作用是十分重要的,是影响岩溶生态系统的关键因子。

The carbonate rock is widespread in South China where there are various karst topography. Because of the specific geology, hydrology and climate is this region, the eco-environment is very fragile, with the characteristics of low environmental capacity, poor stability and weak antijamming capability. When human beings cut down the forest, forest loses its function as 'biology pump' and a series of problems are induced. Karst-environment worsens, vegetation goes towards negative succession and so on. In the end, there comes to widespread stone-hills and rocky desertification forms. From this, we can see that forest plays an important role in the karst eco-system and it is a crucial factor.