空气湿度对澳洲坚果开花座果和果实生长的影响

EffEction of Flowers and Fruit Settingand Growth of Macadamia Nutunder Relative Humidity Stress

花期的澳洲坚果植株随着空气湿度的降低,其花粉育性降低、座果率及光合产物(叶绿素含量、总糖含量和淀粉含量)下降、幼果生长速度减慢。试验结果表明:空气湿度的降低导致叶片光合作用能力下降,干物质积累少,生物产量降低,花粉萌发率低、花粉管生长速度慢,造成花期不遇、授粉受精不良、座果率低,最后造成产量降低。不同品种受空气湿度胁迫的影响程度不同,品种的内部生理特性、花粉育性以及产量都存在差异。澳洲坚果生长的适宜空气湿度为日平均空气湿度在50%以上。

Macadamia plants at flowering stage were treated with different relative humidity.Results showedthat raising the level of relative humidity ,it improved the pollen vigor and fertility ,promoted the sugar andstarch accumulation so that it advanced the content of photosynthetic product, finally result in increased theyied and quality. The treatment also affected fruit development, the speed of fruit growth faster than that ofcontrol. The cultivars had different drought-tolerance which depend on their physiological and biochemicalcharacters. From the result, we reached a conclusion that over fivety percent of relative humidity was well suitto Macadamia growth and development.