母婴间营养及免疫指标的探讨

Study of nutritional and immunol indicators on gravida and neonates

目的 检测前白蛋白 (PA)作为孕妇及新生儿营养指标的价值及与免疫球蛋白IgG和微量元素锌 (Zn)的关系。方法 选择 188对孕妇及新生儿 ,其中足月儿 14 8例 ,早产儿 4 0例 ,检测孕妇血清及新生儿脐血PA、白蛋白 (Alb)、总蛋白(TP)、免疫球蛋白IgG(单向免疫扩散法 )及微量元素Zn(WFD -Y2 型原子吸收分光光度计火焰法 )水平 ,并进行相关分析。结果 (1)足月儿PA、Alb、TP、IgC和Zn均显著高于早产儿 (PPA <0 0 0 1,P Ab <0 0 1,PTP <0 0 0 1,PIgG <0 0 0 1,Pzn <0 0 1)。 (2 )脐血PA低于母亲血清PA(P <0 0 0 1) ,足月儿脐血IgG高于母亲血清IgG(P <0 0 5 ) ,脐血Zn显著高于孕妇血清Zn(P <0 0 0 1)。 (3)新生儿PA与体重、Alb、TP及IgG均呈正相关 (rW =0 2 13,rAIb=0 198,rTP=0 2 14 ,rIgG=0 186 ,P均 <0 0 5 ) ,Zn与PA、IgG无相关性。结论 (1)PA可为孕妇及新生儿更准确、更敏感的营养指标。 (2 )PA水平可反映新生儿体液免疫状态及胎盘功能。 (3)为全面正确评价新生儿营养及免疫状态 ,应同时检测PA、IgG和Zn。

Objective:To evaluate the value of prealbumin as a nutritional indicator of gravida and neonates,and to study the correlations of prealbumin and lmmunoglobulin G,trace element zinc.Methods:188 couples of gravida′s serum and neonatel(148 full term 40 pre-term)umbilical cord serum prealbumin(PA),total protein(TP),albumin(Alb)and immunoglobulin G(IgG) levels were determined by single direction diffusion immunoassay,trace element zinc(Zn)was determined by flame atomic spectrophotometry.Results:(1)The full term neonatal cord serunl PA,Alb,TP,IgG and Zn levels are higher than the pre-term newborns′significantly (P PA <0.001,P A <0.01,P TP <0.001,P IgG <0.001,P Zn <0.01)。(2)Neonatal cord serum PA level is lower than maternal serum′s,IgG level in term neonatal cord serum is higher than that in maternal serum,zinc level in cord serum is higher than that in maternal serum.(3)Neonatal cord serum prealbumin level is positively relative to their birth weight(r=0.213),Alb(r Alb =0.198),TP(r TP =0.214)and IgG(r lgG =0.186).There is no relativity between neonatal cord serum zinc level and prealbumin,IgG level.Conclusion:(1) PA is a more correct and sensitive nutritional indicator.(2) Serum PA level can inflect the status of neonatal humoral immunity.(3) To evaluate the maternal and neonatal nutritional and immunol status correctly and completely,serum PA,IgG and Zn levels should be determined at the same time.