亚高原地区低体重儿胎盘绒毛结构的观察研究

THE CHANGES OF PLACENTA LANUGOS TISSUE IN LOW WEIGHT INFANTS AT MILD ALTITUDE

目的 :探讨亚高原妇女缺氧对胎儿胎盘绒毛组织结构的影响 ;方法 :收集单胎活产分娩低体重儿胎盘 50例为观察组 ,正常体重儿的胎盘 50例为对照组 ;取胎盘部 1cm3块 1 0 %甲醛固定 ,石蜡块切片 ,HE染色光镜观察四项指标 ;结果 :合体结节 :低体重儿47% ,对照组 3 9.1 % (P <0 .0 1 ) ;血管合体膜 :低体重儿 1 2 .4% ,对照组 1 6.2 % (P <0 .0 1 ) ;毛细血管 :低体重儿 1 1 .9% ,对照组 8.4% (P <0 .0 1 ) ;纤维素样坏死 :低体重儿 4.2 % ,对照组 3 .5% (P <0 .0 1 ) ;结论 :低体重儿合体细胞结节、毛细血管和纤维素样坏死明显增多 ,血管合体膜减少。高原缺氧影响胎盘绒毛结构 ,是低体重儿的重要发病原因之一。

Objective:To explore the effects of oxygen deficiency on placenta lanugos tissue at sub-altitude.Methods:100 infants, who were firstly normal delivery in hospital, were enrolled in the study. The 50 cases with low weight in test group, the 50 cases with normal weight as control. Wax sections were made and dyed with HE from placenta tissues. The changes were observed pathologically using the light-microscope. The four indexes are expressed as follows.Results:The changes on Syncytial nodules, syncytial membrane, capillary and fibninoid necrosis in the test and control group were 47.2%, 12.4%, 11.9% and 4.2% and 39.1%, 16.2%, 8.4% and 3.5% (P<0.01) respectively.Conclusion:Sysncytial modules, blood capillarity and Frbrinoid necrosis in low-weight infants were obviously increased, and the blood vessel syneytial membrane is decreased. The plateau oxygen-deficiency would affect the changes of placenta lanugos tissue and is one of the important pathogenesis for low-weight infants at high altitude.