摘要
微化工技术是 2 0世纪 90年代初顺应可持续发展与高技术发展的需要而兴起的一门新的学科 ,它着重研究时空特征尺度在数百微米和数百毫秒以内的微型设备和并行分布系统中的过程特征和规律 .微化工系统通常包括了微热系统、微反应系统、微分离系统和微分析系统 .微型设备的面积体积比很大 ,表面作用增强 ,传递作用比在常规尺度的设备中提高了 2～ 3个数量级 .本文就微化工技术的发展历史、基本特征、研究内容以及发展方向做一简单的介绍 .
Micro-chemical technology is a new frontier originating in the early 1990s. This technology focuses on the study of the chemical engineering processes and the principles of the micro-devices and micro-systems whose characteristic length and time scale are less than hundreds of microns and hundreds of milliseconds respectively. Micro-chemical system can be divided into four sub-systems, i.e. micro-heat system, micro-reaction system, micro-separation system and micro-analysis system. Because of the small dimension of the micro-devices, the specific surface area increases, the surface effect is enhanced, and the effects of transportation (flow heat transfer and mass transfer) lead to a remarkable increase of transfer rates, which exceed those of conventional-sized devices by 2-3 orders of magnitude. The application of micro-chemical technology can improve greatly the efficiency of process systems and decrease their volume and mass. The history, basic characteristics, research areas and developing orientation of micro-chemical technology are discussed in this paper.
出处
《化工学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第4期427-439,共13页
CIESC Journal
基金
国家自然科学基金 (No 2 0 176 0 5 7
2 0 12 2 2 0 1)
国际科技合作重点项目计划 (No 2 0 0 1CB7112 0 3)
国家重点基础研究发展规划 (No G2 0 0 0 0 2 6 40 1)
中国科学院大连化学物理研究所创新基金(No K2 0 0 1E3)共同资助 .
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关键词
微型化
微通道
微反应器
微换热器
过程强化
Heat transfer
Mass transfer
Microanalysis
Miniature instruments
