论马克思的共产主义信念

On Marx's Communist Belief

早在《共产党宣言》中,马克思和恩格斯就宣告资本主义必然灭亡;从此以后,"消灭私有制"成为共产主义信仰的核心。即便如此,仍然有人仅把共产主义视为一种抽象的历史必然性。唯物史观是《共产党宣言》的"核心的基本思想"。在列宁看来,《资本论》把唯物史观由假设变成了科学。由此,马克思的共产主义信念不再是一种"无可辩驳的抽象的历史真理",而成为经过系统论证的新的科学形态。《资本论》证明,共产主义生产方式是资本主义私有制自我否定的规律即利润率下降规律发挥作用的必然结果。这使对共产主义信仰的证实和证伪成为可能。

As early as in The Communist Manifesto,Marx declared that capitalism must perish.From then on,“eliminating private ownership”became the core of communist belief.Even so,there are still people who only regard communism as an abstract historical necessity.Historical materialism is the“core idea”of The Communist Manifesto.In Lenin’s view,Capital promoted historical materialism from hypothesis to science.Thus,Marx’s communist conviction is no longer an“indisputable abstract historical truth”,but a new scientific form that has been systematically demonstrated.Capital proves that the communist mode of production is the inevitable result of the law of self-denial of capitalist private ownership,namely the law of falling profit rate.This makes it possible to prove and falsify the communist belief.