批判实在论与马克思主义科学哲学研究的新路径

Critical Realism and a New Approach to the Study of Marxist Philosophy of Science

马克思主义作为科学哲学特别是自然辩证法正在淡出学术思想的主导位置,在某种程度上存在着被西方科学哲学所取代的趋势或危险。对此,作为科学实在论发展的新阶段,批判实在论对马克思主义的继承与发展尤为值得关注。批判实在论与马克思主义科学哲学有着莫大关联,对马克思主义科学哲学的借鉴和吸收是其理论建构的动力之一;对马克思主义科学哲学的深化与发展也是其理论演进的内含之意。批判实在论的积极方面有助于马克思主义科学哲学的建立与发展,以应对各种科学哲学的挑战。重要的是,以历史唯物主义基本原理为指导,能够使批判实在论免受唯心主义和经验主义的影响,克服自身的理论缺陷。

As a philosophy of science,especially as dialectics of nature,Marxism is fading out of the dominant position of academic thought.To some extent,there is a tendency or danger for Marxism to be replaced by Western philosophy of science.In this regard,critical realism as a new stage of scientific realism is particularly worthy of attention for inheriting and developing Marxism.Critical realism has a substantial connection with Marxist philosophy of science,as one of the driving forces of the former’s theoretical construction lies in its reference and absorption of the latter.Also,the theoretical evolution of the former embodies the deepening and development of the latter.The positive aspects of critical realism contribute to the establishment and development of Marxist philosophy of science in response to the challenges of various scientific philosophy.More importantly,the guidance of the basic principles of historical materialism can immune critical realism from the influence of idealism and empiricism and overcome its own theoretical flaws.