马克思主义经典作家农业生产经营方式改造变革理论与当代启示

Marxist Classic Writers’ Theories of Reforming and Transforming Agricultural Production and Management Mode and Their Contemporary Enlightenment

农业生产经营方式的改造与变革问题是马克思、恩格斯的关注点之一。马克思、恩格斯深刻认识到农民尤其是具有极大比例的小农是推动无产阶级战胜资产阶级的力量源泉之一。基于此,马克思、恩格斯在其著作及文章中对小农生产经营方式的改造与变革进行了较为系统的阐释。列宁以俄国农业农村经济发展状况为基础,继承发展了马克思、恩格斯农业生产经营方式改造与变革理论,主张以农业合作化生产经营方式促进农民走集体化道路,进而壮大无产阶级革命力量。毛泽东创造性运用马克思主义农业生产经营方式改造与变革理论,倡导以农业合作化集体化生产经营方式将亿万农民群众'组织起来',为发展壮大社会主义经济奠定物质基础。上述马克思主义经典作家农业生产经营方式改造与变革理论,对新时代中国特色社会主义农业生产经营方式变革与创新,进而实现小农户和现代农业发展有机衔接,具有重要启示意义。

The reform and transformation of agricultural production and management modes was one of the concerns of Marx and Engels.Marx and Engels deeply realized that peasants,especially small peasants with a large proportion,were one of the sources of strength for the proletariat to defeat the bourgeoisie.Consequently,Marx and Engels in their works and articles made a systematic explanation of the reform and transformation of small peasant production and management modes.On the basis of the economic development of agriculture and rural areas in Russia,Lenin inherited the development of Marx and Engels’theories of reforming and transforming agricultural production and management modes and advocated the agricultural cooperative production and management to promote the peasant collectivization and strengthen the revolutionary power of the proletariat.Mao Ze-dong creatively applied Marxist theories of reforming and transforming agricultural production and management modes and advocated that millions of farmers should be'organized'through agricultural cooperative and collective production and management,laying a material foundation for the development and expansion of the socialist economy.The above Marxist classic writers’theories of reforming and transforming agricultural production and management modes are of great significance for reforming and innovating socialist agricultural production and management modes with Chinese characteristics in the new era and for realizing the organic connection between small peasant production and modern agricultural development.