ICU病人亲属支持干预及支持源的调查研究

Investigation on Support Intervention and Support Sources of Relatives of Patients Hospitalized in ICU

目的 :了解ICU病人亲属支持获得情况及支持源 ,帮助ICU护士充分认识支持干预 ,积极为ICU病人亲属提供社会支持。方法 :采用开放式问卷及“ICU病人家庭支持干预量表” ,对60例ICU病人亲属进行支持干预重要性、获得情况及支持源的调查。结果 :ICU病人亲属认为信息支持最为重要 ,且多数亲属认为可以获得此方面的支持 ,医生被认为是提供信息支持的主要源泉。情感支持及物质支持次之 ,约半数病人亲属认为可以获得情感及物质支持 ,但提供此方面支持的主要源泉是亲友 ;信息支持的获得在病人配偶及子女间存在统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,病人配偶及子女在 4方面支持重要性得分方面不存在统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :ICU护士应正确认识病人亲属支持干预的重要性 ,积极提供有效的社会支持 ,以帮助病人家庭应对病人危重时的危机状态 ,维持家庭功能 。

Objectives: to find out relatives support acquirement and their support sources in ICU hospitalized patients, to help nurses in ICU to know well about support intervention, and to provide the social supports for ICU patients and their relatives. Methods: open-ended questionnaire and 'Family Support Intervention Scale for ICU Patient' were adopted in a total of 60 cases of ICU patients. An investigation on the importance of support intervention of patients and their relatives, the acquirement status and supports resources have also been performed. Results: relatives of patients in ICU thought that the most important thing was informational supports. Moreover, most of relatives of patient thought that they could get this kind of support. They thought that doctors was the major source in providing the informational supports. Emotional support and instrumental support are in the second place. Approximately, half of relatives of patient thought that patients could get both emotional and instrumental supports that were mainly provided by their relatives and friends. In terms of the acquirement of information support, there was statistical difference between the spouse of patients and their children (P<0.05). However, there were no statistical significance between spouse and children of patients in four categories of support importance scoring (P>0.05). Conclusion: nurses of ICU should know the importance of relatives support intervention for patients. They should provide an effective social support to help the whole family of patient to encounter the critical state of patient, to maintain the familial function, and to accelerate the rehabilitation of patients.