杨树新型结构板材(OSB)高附加值产品开发应用研究

Study on development and application of high value-added products based on the new structural panel (OSB) from fast poplar trees

OSB是我国近年引进技术、开发的一种新型结构板材。美、加等国基于木结构市场制定的OSB标准,不能指导新产品的开发。我国不鼓励发展木结构建筑,OSB新产品研发缺乏标准指导。OSB产品表面凹凸不平,大片刨花形态,不符合国内消费者的欣赏习惯,且国内消费者对OSB产品性质认知程度低。OSB产品成本显著高于纤维板和刨花板、胶合板、木芯板等,其产品在市场销售与应用方面存在诸多障碍。面向市场需求,研究OSB基材分类,开发OSB高附加值新产品,对我国OSB产业持续发展有着重要指导意义。OSB板材采用速生林木材为原料,刨切成特定形态的刨花,刨花纵横交错排列,国内采用无醛胶(MDI)定向热压胶合,材质均匀、尺寸稳定性好、强度大、内结合力强、握钉力高、耐水性好。OSB板材无甲醛释放,其板材性能远优于纤维板和刨花板、胶合板、木芯板等产品。目前我国OSB产能仅100万m^3。国内介绍OSB基材性能、OSB木结构基材应用和开发OSB新产品建议方面文献多,建筑外OSB新产品研发文献几乎未见报道。结合国情,在OSB基材分类标准、高附加值新产品研发和市场销售方面做了大量开拓性工作,通过改进OSB基材生产过程的工艺技术参数和根据木质产品市场产品加工对基材性能要求,将OSB基材分成OSB2、OSB3、OSB3-1、OSB4、OSB4-1、OSB5六类,制定了各类基材性质指标,开发出室内装饰墙板、OSB贴面板、OSB地板、OSB家具、OSB木门、OSB橱柜、车船底板、建筑模板、OSB集装箱等高附加值产品。OSB产品性能好,建议大力向消费者宣传OSB板材性能,修改OSB行业标准,完善OSB基材分类与性能指标,加强OSB饰面加工技术的研究,开拓OSB装饰材料,积极开拓包装箱、地板、车船厢底板和集装箱底板等高附加值产品市场,制定OSB高效深加工产品技术标准,国家出台鼓励支持OSB产业发展政策,以促进我国OSB产业持续发展。

OSB(Oriented Strand Board)is a new type of structural panel gradually developed in recent years in China.OSB is widely used in wood construction and other fields in Canada and the United States.Its standard was made based on the demand of wood structural market and was not able to be used in directing the development of new OSB products.China government does not support the development of wood structure due to large population and the constraints of our natural resources.There is a great difficult for the OSB panel to be harnessed in the market of wood structure in China.Being uneven and large shape of flakes on the surface of OSB,which do not conform to the appreciation habits of domestic consumers,coupled with the domestic consumer’s low awareness of the properties of the OSB product and higher price of OSB panel than those of MDF,Particle board,Plywood and Blockboard,there are many obstacles in its market to be existed in the development and application of its products.To meet the needs of wood market demand,studies on the classification of OSB based on the material’s properties and the development of OSB new products with high value-added are very significant to direct the development of OSB industry sustainably in China.The raw material of OSB Panel is logs of small diameter from fast growing trees and sliced into specific form of particles.These particles are consciously arranged in crisscrossed direction within OSB and bonded with an exteriortype binder(MDI)without formaldehyde under heat and pressure.This kind of panel is even in texture,good in dimensional stability,high in strength,strong in bonding force,high in holding nail force and good in resistance to water.Its panel is formaldehyde–free and its properties are more better than MDF,Particle board,Plywood and Blockboard.At present,the production capacity of OSB in China is only one million cubic metres.Many papers in literature were reported in both the properties of OSB and its application of wood structural houses,but studies on the development and application of its new products with high value-added have not been reported.Our works on the classification standards of OSB panel,research and development of new products based on OSB panel as well as their market development are summarized in this paper.Combined with the national conditions,classified the OSB panels into six kinds of OSB2,OSB3,OSB3-1,OSB4,OSB4-1 and OSB5 by improving the technological parameters of the OSB production and based on the performance requirements of its new products in the market.And the indexes of the material properties for six kinds of OSB panels have been formulated.In addition,the products with high value-added are developed by Baoyuan,which included the interior decoration wallboard,the finished board of OSB,floor and furniture of OSB,wooden doors of OSB,cupboard of OSB,bottom board of the ship and car,building template of OSB,container of OSB,etc.The products’good performance and properties of OSB are recognized well.In order to promote the sustainable development of OSB industry in China,suggestions were also given in many aspects,which included vigorously propagandizing the performance of OSB to consumers,modifying the classification and performance indexes of OSB in Chinese standard,strengthening the research of OSB finishing technology,exploiting OSB decorative materials,actively exploring the markets of high value-added products such as the packing cases,floor,the bottom board of the car and ship,making the technical standards of efficient OSB deep-processing products and supporting the policies of developing new products enacted by China government,etc.