2Lucia A D, Lepsinger R. The art and science of competency models: Pinpointing critical success factors in organization [M]. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass/Pfeiffer, 1999:18-40.
3Parry R D. Just what is a competency? (And why should you care?) [ J ].Training,1998,35(07): 58-64.
4McLagan P A.Competencies:The next generation[J].raining & Development,1997,51(05):40-47.
5James D Klein,J Michael Spector,等.教师能力标准:面对面、在线及混合情景[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,2007:18_23.
8Gibbons M. Limoges C, Nowotny H, et al. The New Production of Knowledge: the dynamics of science and research in contemporary societies [ M ].London:sage.1994.