吉林省蜜蜂疫病危害现状及发展对策

Investigation Analysis and Development Countermeasures on Bee Diseases Status in Jilin Province

调查分析了吉林省主要蜜蜂饲养区蜜蜂疫病危害的现状,发现蜜蜂白垩病(56%)、蜂螨(40%)及爬蜂病(20%)为吉林省3大主要蜜蜂病害,同时通过实验室检测病蜂样本发现,蜜蜂微孢子虫的隐性感染情况较为严重,32%的蜂场存在不同程度的感染,应引起重视。蜜蜂敌害中胡蜂危害(42%)较为严重,个别蜂场兼受地胆、蚂蚁及蟾蜍的侵害。蜂病的确诊是目前饲养者面临的第一难题,建议尽快建立蜜蜂疫病防治技术体系,宣传蜜蜂健康养殖技术,加强流行病学及相关基础研究,加大抗病蜂种的培育力度,加快无公害对症蜂药的研究进展,给饲养者养成防患于未然、饲养强群等优良习惯,为蜜蜂产业的健康发展奠定良好的基础。

The primary bee diseases of Jilin province was chalk disease,Varroa mite and Bees crawl diseases by investigating bee diseases of main beekeeping areas in Jilin province. Meanwhile,we found that the recessive infection of micro sporozoan was more serious,and infection rate obtained 32% through detecting samples. The harm of wasp to bees was most serious, and some apiaries hazarded Meloe coarctatus,ants and toads. Making diagnosis of bee disease is the first problem of the beekeeper.Therefore, we should establish the bee disease prevention and control technology system as soon as possible, propaganda healthy breeding technology, strengthen epidemiological and related basic research, intensify breeding resistance bee species, speed up bee medicine research strength in order to lay the good foundation on bee industry development in our province.