我国少数民族本科预科教育:特点、问题及对策——以贵州省为例

Preparatory Education for Ethnic Minorities in China:Characteristics,Problems and Countermeasures——Take Guizhou Province as an Example

新时期我国少数民族本科预科教育呈现出办学理念从补习为主向预本结合的转变、办学类型从汉语预科向双语预科教育的转变、办学模式从分散办学到集中与分散的结合、生源结构逐渐从乡村向城市集中等特点,存在政策目标群体与受益对象有偏差、省外招生数量偏少、师资队伍建设较薄弱、教育管理不能有效满足学生需求、学生课堂效果较差等问题。应通过调整和完善少数民族本科预科教育政策来确保教育质量;通过改善办学条件、加强师资队伍建设、强化教学管理来提升教学效果;通过强化上级统筹、进行新式分层教学来提升办学水平。

The new period undergraduate matriculation education of ethnic minorities in China presents the idea of running from the pre tutorial mainly to change the combination, change educational type from the Chinese preparatory to bilingual preparatory education, school running mode from the dispersion and dispersion of the combination of centralized office learned, characteristics of the source structure gradually from countryside to city focus, existing policy target groups and benefit object deviation, foreign enrollment number less than normal, construction of teachers is weak, education management can not meet the needs of students, students' classroom problem worse, should be through the adjustment and perfection of minority undergraduate matriculation education policy to ensure the quality of education, improve school conditions, strengthen the construction of teachers, strengthen the teaching management to improve the teaching effect by strengthening the superior, co-ordination, new teaching to enhance the educational level.