《钦定西域同文志》青海属山名类型刍议——以蒙古语、蒙藏合璧地名为中心

An Analysis of Mountain Names in Qinghai and Their Types in the Book of A Survey of Geography and Figures in the Western Region:With Mongolian and Mixed Mongolian—Tibetan Names as the Theme

《钦定西域同文志》是清代一部重要的民族语言文献和地名辞典。地名(山名)是以语言为构筑材料的文化现象。《同文志》青海属地名部分是以蒙古语、藏语为核心的蒙古、藏、汉三语对照辞典,附有汉文注音和切音,揭示了清代蒙、藏族群的一般分布状况,反映了蒙、藏文化的交流,也为历史地理和地名释名研究提供了重要的参照,故而其地名类型特点值得深入研究和讨论。本文以"青海属山名"部分地名为例,对蒙古语和蒙藏合璧地名的特点进行归纳、分类和研究。

A Survey of Geography and Figures in the Western Region(Qin Ding Xi Yu Tong Wen Zhi) is an important national language literature and dictionary of geographic names.Geographic names are cultural phenomena based on language.The Qinghai part of the book is a trilingual dictionary which is based on Mongolian and Tibetan.It reveals the distribution of Mongolian and Tibetan ethnic groups in Qing dynasty with Chinese phonetic notation and phonetic alphabet.It also reflects the cultural communication between Mongolia and Tibet and mirrors research of historial geographic names.Therefore the character of geographical names in the book is worthy to be deeply analysised and discussed.We use some place names as examples in the part of Qinghai mountains to conclude the characters of the Mongolian names or place which mixed Mongolian and Tibetan.