道光年间喀尔喀部与巴尔虎人边界争端及添设卡伦考述——以满文档案为中心

A Research on the Boundary Disputes of Khalkha and Barag and Setting Up More Karun During the Emperor Dao Guang:an Examination of Manchu documents

清代呼伦贝尔为边防重地。自雍正十二年(1734)移新巴尔虎于呼伦贝尔,与喀尔喀车臣汗部划界分治,沿边界设立了16个卡伦。至道光二十七年(1847)又增设了3个卡伦,虽然许多著作都有提及,但未言及增设详情。通过查阅满文档案,本人发现此次添设卡伦与喀尔喀和巴尔虎边界发生纠纷有关。本文依据几份满文档案,解析道光年间增设3个卡伦原委,揭示其中详情。

Khulun-Buir was one of the most significant border towns in Qing Dynasty.In the twelfth year of Yongzheng(1734),New Barag was moved to Hulun-Buir,and divided boundaries with Khalkha Tsetsen khan tribe,and 16Karun(Kharaghul)were set up along the boundaries,and 3more were set up in 1847.Although this was mentioned in many publications,the details were not involved.By looking up the Manchu archives,I found that the increase of Karun was related to boundary disputes of Khalkha and Barag.According to a few Manchu archives,this article analyzes all the details of the setting up the 3Karun during the reign of Emperor Dao Guang.