原始史料在史书中的变异:从一份满文档案说起

The Variation of Primitive Historical Materials in Historical Books:From a Manchu Document Case

《清内阁蒙古堂档》中保存有《噶尔丹誓书》的满文抄件,这一重要发现对深入研究乌兰布通之战及准噶尔与清朝关系的演变提供了难得的第一手史料。本文对这份满文档案进行文本研究,考察其在《清实录》等史书中的流变、解读以及后人的沿用,进而指出史料亦有动态性,研究者只有掌握史料的复杂变化,才能将其正确地运用于自己的研究实践。

The Manchu copy of the Oath of Galdan is collected in the Mongolian Archives of the Cabinet of Ministers of Qing Dynasty.This important discovery provides a rare first-hand historical material for the in-depth study of the Battle of Ulaan-butung and the evolution of the relationship between Jungaria and Qing Dynasty.This paper makes a textual study of the Manchu case,examines its evolution,interpretation and future use in historical books such as The Veritable Records of the Qing,and points out that historical materials are also dynamic.Only by grasping the complex changes of historical materials,can researchers correctly apply them to their own research practice.