美国对华经贸相关立法新动向

New Trends in U.S.Economic and Trade Legislation relating to China

随着中国经济实力上升,中美竞争态势有所增强。而两国间政治经济制度、文化意识形态等方面的差异,进一步加深了美国对中国的战略疑惧,逐渐将中国视作挑战其全球领导地位的战略竞争对手。与此同时,特朗普政府美国优先的执政理念,置国内法于国际规则之上的单边主义做法,不仅给全球化和多边贸易体系带来极大冲击,也使中美间分歧和不信任更为严重。近来,美国国会屡屡推出意图牵制中国经济和技术发展的立法提案,混同经济竞争与国家安全,对中美间贸易和投资甚至美国政府采购特定中国产品施加严格限制,中美经贸关系正面临前所未有的挑战。美国国内经济不平衡根源在于宏观经济因素,贸易保护主义并非解决之道,甚至可能导致其经济不平衡进一步加剧。而不断上升的不确定性和紧张情绪,将给包括美国在内的全球经济造成重大损害。

China’s rapid economic growth in the past decades has ledto a greater competition between China and the United States.Differences in aspects such as political and economic systems,cultural ideologies,further deepen the strategic mistrust between the two sides.The U.S.has gradually viewed China as a major strategic rival that intends to challenge Washington’s primacy.At the same time,the Trump administration’s philosophy of"American first"and its unilateralist approach of placing domestic laws above international rules, have not only severely affected globalization and multilateral trading system,but also incited even deeper disagreement and mistrust between the U.S.and China.Recently,the U.S.Congress has frequently introduced legislative proposals intended to slow down China’s economic and technological advances.These proposals blur the lines between economic competition and national security,impose strict restrictions on SinoU.S.trade and investment,prohibit U.S.government from procuring some specific Chinese products.Sino-U.S.economic and trade relations are facing unprecedented challenges.The root cause of the U.S.economic imbalance lies in macroeconomic factors.Protectionism is not the solution.On the contrary,it may even intensify its problem of economic imbalance.What’s more,the rising uncertainty and tension will cause huge damage to itself and the global economy as well.