轮回选择在太谷核不育小麦不同群体世代的应用研究

Applied Research of Recurrent Selection on Population of Various Generations in Tai Gu Male Sterile Wheat

选用10个高蛋白品种和4个丰产小麦品种的太谷核不育株等量混合组成B_1,用上述4个丰产小麦品种的太谷核不育株等量混合组成B_2,通过混合选择法、单性状集团选择法对B_1进行三轮选择,通过回交混合选择法对B_2进行三轮选择。结果表明,轮回选择有效;遗传力与选择效率相关不显著;单株产量的选择指数以穗粒数和株粒数最高;在单个性状选择上,集团选择法较好,群体性状改良以混合选择法最优。

Mass selection (MS) and single character bulk selection (CS) were used for improvement of base population B_1 which was composed of the Tai Gu male sterile plants of ten high protein parents and four high yield parents with equal quantities. Backcross mass selection (BS) was used for improvement of base population B_2 which was formed by the Tai Gu male sterile plants of the four high yield parents above bulk equally. All the methods were taken with three cycles. Meanwhile, heterosis of characters were counted by using 4 high yield parents×10 high protein parents with NCII design. The results showed that the recurrent selection methods were effective for Tai Gu male sterile wheat. There were no necessary relationships between the effectiveness of selection and the heterosis of the characters. The effects of recurrent selection mainly depended on the selective difference. For the single character improvement, CS was more effective; for population improvemet, MS was preferable, and it was favourable to the greater of population variance.