市民社会中的自发秩序——中世纪商事习惯法形成的文化解释

Cultural Interpretation of the Formation of Medieval Merchant Law

现代商法是由欧洲中世纪的商事习惯法演进发展而来的,在11—17世纪的欧洲,中世纪的商人们根据自己的意愿创造了一系列习惯与惯例,用以调整他们彼此之间的商事关系,这些习惯和惯例统称为中世纪商事习惯法,又称商人法。本文主要以法律的文化解释为方法,考察中世纪商人法形成的独特的文化背景,分析在当时的语境下商人法的创制主体即商人群体所具有的价值偏好与文化认同,剖析商事习惯法演变和形成的过程。

Modern commercial law was developed by the evolution of the medieval merchant law in Europe.In the 11th and 17th centuries of Europe,medieval businessmen created a series of habits and practices according to their own wishes to adjust their commercial relations with each other,these habits and practices are collectively referred to as Medieval Merchant Law.This article mainly uses the cultural interpretation of the law as the method,analyzes the unique cultural background of the medieval businessman’s law,analyzes the emotional malice and cultural identity of the businessman’s group in the context of the time,and analyzes the evolution and formation of the businessman’s law.