援引交易习惯裁决的方法论审视

Methodology Review of Citing Trading Habits in Referee

援引交易习惯裁决既是对已有法源体系的完善又是司法科学化的要求。面对裁决中的'标准欠缺'难题,我们需要诉诸规范性的法律方法分析,探寻交易习惯运用的一般性规则。交易习惯作为裁判依据必须经过规范性转化,转化关键在于裁判者对交易习惯的'事实性审查',主要方法是法律解释和法律论证。结合司法实践中的'习惯识别'和'习惯运用'两阶段,交易习惯的解释要符合'以制定法和合同明示条款为可能意义边缘''当事人之间交易习惯优先于一般交易习惯''必须符合体系解释规则'及'习惯解释要优先于基本法律原则解释'等解释标准。

Citing the transaction custom in referee is not only the perfection of the existing legal source system,but also the requirement of judicial scientificalization.Faced with the problem of'lack of standards'in adjudication,we need to resort to normative legal methods to analyze,to explore the general rules of the usage of trading habits.As the basis of judgment,trading habits must undergo normative transformation.The key to transformation lies in the referee’s'factual review'of trading habits.The main methods are legal interpretation and legal argumentation.Combining the two stages of'customary identification'and'customary application'in judicial practice,The interpretation of trading habits should conform to a series of criteria,such as'taking statute law and express contract clauses as possible edges of meaning','trading habits between parties prior to general trading habits','must conform to the rules of systematic interpretation'and'Customary interpretation should take precedence over the interpretation of basic legal principles'etc.