河西走廊区水土应用现状及可持续开发研究

Water and Land Utilization Status and Sustainable Development in Hexi Corridor

河西走廊区不同亚区在现状灌溉水平下均存在水资源不足矛盾 ,单位耕地耗水过多是造成水土不平衡的重要原因 ,通过发展节水农业既可为宜农荒地开发提供相应水资源 ,同时有望解决水资源开发不合理造成的一系列生态和社会问题。研究表明 ,现状灌水水平下 ,河西走廊区共缺水 2 .61× 1 0 8m3,当节水率提高 5 %时 ,即可解决全区农业缺水问题 ,提高40 %时 ,可完全开发全区宜农荒地 ;不同亚区节水农业潜力不同 ,其中酒泉地区最大、金昌市最小 ;节水农业潜力开发应综合考虑人口、下游生态环境、经济效益等问题 ,其中生态建设尤为重要。发展精致农业、节水农业 ,优化产业结构 ,控制人口数量是促进该区可持续发展的根本策略。

Water resources deficiency is a common problem under current irrigation level in Hexi corridor,and the unbalance relationship between water and land resources is mainly caused by too much water consume of per unit farmland. Development of water-saving agriculture not only can provide sufficient water resources to open up the desert land that is fit to cultivation,but also can settle down a serial ecological and social problems that were caused by the unreasonable water resources utilization.It is showed that the amount of water shortage is about 2.61×108m3 under current irrigation level in Hexi corridor,but this contradiction can be solved by improveing the water saving rate by 5%,and when it is improved by 40% all the land fitting to cultivation can be developed;The potential of water saving agriculture is different in different sub area,Jiuquan has the maximum and Jinchang has the minimum;The development of water saving agriculture should settle down several problems comprehensively,such as the population,ecologic environment as well as economical benefit et al.Among these ecology construction is the critical one.Developing intensive agriculture,water saving agriculture,optimizing agriculture structure and controlling excessive population increase are the most important strategies to promote the sustainable development of Hexi corridor.