论行政权力对明代宁波海外贸易的影响

About the Impact of Administrative Power on Foreign Trade of Ningbo in the Ming

明初 ,政府利用行政权力 ,轮番采取“通”与“禁”的政策 ,使宁波海外贸易曲折发展。明中叶以后 ,政府又实施“海禁”、“限制私人贸易”的政策 ,致使地方政府不得不运用行政权力 ,放纵私人贸易 ,甚至出现与商人权钱交易的现象 ,从而使民间贸易快速发展。

In the early period of the Ming, the government alternatively adopted policies of opening up and cutting off in the country's foreign trade, which resulted in an intricate development of the foreign trade. In the middle of the Ming, the central government executed a policy of locking the doors against the world. This policy forced the local governments to make use of their administrative power to cut off one's country from the outside world; avoid having contacts with other countries; close the border; close the communication at the borders; lock one's doors against the world tolerate private trade and this accelerate the development of non-governmental trade.