知不可绘而绘之:乌托邦主义的二分法

Mapping the Unmappable:Dichotomies of Utopianism

一个未来的乌托邦蓝图是可以被描绘的吗?在这篇文章中,欧内斯特·曾科重点回顾了乌托邦(Utopia)与乌托邦主义(Utopianism)从发生到发展的整个历史脉络,并以托马斯·莫尔的《乌托邦》一书为节点,追溯了此前发生的乌托邦传统与随后发生的反乌托邦转向(Anti-utopian turn)。在此基础上,为了更好地表达现代的乌托邦问题,曾科提出了一个通过两种乌托邦策略的二分法来把握乌托邦与乌托邦主义的理论模式,而在这个裂缝中心所矗立的'图像建设'问题,则是现代叙事考虑的中心。无论怎样,未来的乌托邦或许是不可描绘的,但是人类追求理想与进步的希望永远都不会泯灭。

Can a Utopian image in the future be mapped? In this paper, Ernest Zenko reviews the whole history of Utopia and Utopianism. At the same time, taking Tomas More’s Utopia as a key point, Zenko goes back to the tradition of Utopianism before Utopia, and the subsequence Anti-utopian turn after it. On this basis, to address the problem of utopia today, means above all to grasp the dichotomy between the two utopian strategies. How, in the center of this rift stands the problem of image construction as the central preoccupation of contemporary societies. WhileNo matter how, the Utopian image may be unmappable, humans should always be full of hope in our future.