17世纪西方文化的艺术观

The idea of arts of Western cultures of seventeenth century

在17世纪的西方文化中,为了某种功用的艺术的古老艺术系统逐渐向现代纯艺术系统过渡,但古老系统的价值和实践仍然占据主导地位,历史情境仍然缺乏现代作者、艺术家观念的自主特征。艺术家的形象的关键要素如天才和灵感渐渐受到重视,但并没有凌驾于理性和判断力之上,而是与后者相协调。艺术家和身份和形象得到提高,但离现代艺术家的后浪漫主义的理念非常遥远。17世纪并没有固定下来的纯艺术范畴,但在个别艺术门类中迈出一些重要的过渡性步伐,为纯艺术范畴的出现打通了道路。在这个过渡期,艺术主要依据目的和功用来看待,但趣味的作用越来越受到重视。

In Western cultures of seventeenth century,the old system of art for a purpose began to move toward the modern system of fine art,yet the values and practices of the old system still dominated,and its historical situation lacked the autonomy characteristic of the modern idea of the author/artist.The key elements of the image of artist remained,such as genius,inspiration and creation,began to receive more attention,yet they were not placed aboved reason and judgment but in coordination with them.Although the status and image of artists continued to improve, it still remained far from the modern post-romantic ideal of artist.there was no settled category of fine arts in the seventeenth,yet there were some important transitional steps toward it that helped prepare the way for the emergence of the category of fine art.In this transition period,the arts were still regarded primarily in terms of purpose and use,but there is also an increased emphasis on the role of taste.