埃里克·赖特对当代资本主义的批判及其社会主义新规划

Erik Wright’s Critique of Contemporary Capitalism and His Socialist New Project

2008年金融危机爆发以来,国外左翼学者开始关注马克思主义,反思资本主义向何处去,赖特作为分析马克思主义学派的重要代表人物也思考取代资本主义的社会主义新规划,并且对当代资本主义进行深刻的反思和批判,批判的焦点主要集中体现在:社会平等缺失、'赢者通吃'严重、信仰危机突出、消费主义盛行、霸权主义当道。赖特在对资本主义揭露与批判的基础上,详细阐释了他的社会主义新规划。赖特社会主义新规划的目标是寻找超越当代资本主义的可能性路径,建立一个公平正义的社会主义社会,实现人的自由解放和全面发展。在整个社会主义新规划中,赖特围绕着:为什么要超越资本主义、什么是社会主义、如何实现社会主义这三个问题展开思考,提出了社会主义规划面临的三个任务:批判与诊断、可替代性方案的选择,以及向社会主义过渡的基本策略,建构了一个相对完整的社会主义新规划方案。赖特认为,所谓社会主义新规划就是消除资本主义的社会不平等,消灭剥削性的经济关系与压迫性的社会关系;社会主义新规划的核心价值是主张人人都享有平等的权利和过上幸福的生活。

Western left-wing scholars have begun to pay much attention to Marxism again and reflect on where capitalism is going since the burst of the financial crisis in 2008.As an important leading member of the Analytical Marxism,Wright also quests for the socialist new project which about alternatives to capitalism within a profound reflection and criticism of the contemporary capitalism.The focus of criticism is on the following aspects:the lack of social equality;winner take all;the serious crisis of social beliefs;the prevalence of consumerism and hegemonism.Based on criticism of the capitalism,Wright explains his so cialist new project in detail.The goal of Wright’s socialist new project is to find a vibrant alternative to contemporary capitalism in order to establish a fair and just society in which everyone can get a free and all-round development.In the socialist new project,Wright takes into account the three questions as follows.Why should find an alternative to capitalism?What is socialism?How to realize that socialism?There are three tasks of the new socialist project including criticism and diagnosis of capitalism,alternative project,the basic strategy of transition to socialism,which draw a broad outline of the new project of socialism development.Wright believes that the socialist new project should be to eliminate the social inequality,the exploitation in economic relations,and the oppressive social relations of capitalism and that the core values of the socialist new project is everyone can enjoy equal rights and live a happy life.