让·鲍德里亚消费社会理论之批判——以马克思的商品拜物教理论为视点

The Criticism to Jean Baudrillard's Theory of Consumer Society ——from the Perspective of Marx's Theory of Commodity Fetishism

让·鲍德里亚提出的消费社会理论断言现代资本主义社会是一个受到消费支配的社会,为现代社会意识形态分析提供了一个批判性的理论视角。鲍德里亚以关于符号的崇拜取代关于物的崇拜,提出其所谓的"能指拜物教",其实质上是对马克思商品拜物教理论的片面化解读和符号化篡改。鲍德里亚不但误读了马克思商品拜物教中"物"的概念,而且没有弄清生产与消费的辩证关系,错误地以消费取代生产作为社会存在与发展的根本动力,从而走向历史唯物主义的对立面。

Jean Baudrillard has alleged that modern capitalist society was dominated by consumption in his theory of consumer society which brought a critical perspective to analyze modern social ideology.It is essentially a one-side explanation and symbolicmisrepresentation to Marx's theory of commodity fetishism that Baudrillard replaced fetish with code-worship and proposed his so-called 'Signifier Fetishism'.Baudrillard has not only misread the conception of fetish in Marx's theory of commodity fetishism,but also misunderstood the dialectical relationship between production and consumption,and even regarded consumption as the primary motivation of the existence and development of society to replace production,thus turned to the opposite of historical materialism.