实体概念的消解与历史性存在的出场——青年马克思物质概念演进的文本解读

The Disintegration of Substance Concept and the Appearance of Historical Existence: The Text Interpretation of the Evolution of Youth Marx's Concept of Matter

在马克思哲学的形成过程中,青年马克思对物质概念经过了一个从贬抑到接受再到深化的过程。在博士论文和《莱茵报》时期无生命的基质、实体被马克思理解为物质自身,《黑格尔法哲学批判》将具体事物作为出发点,表明马克思站到了一般的唯物主义的立场上。到了《德法年鉴》时期人被确立为理解物质问题的关键,《1844年经济学哲学手稿》立足于对象化理论将人与人之间的社会关系视为唯物主义的基本原则,《神圣家族》对《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的观点做了清晰的阐发。《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》以实践概念实现了人与自然的统一,《德意志意识形态》将历史性存在理解为物质的本质样态,标志着青年马克思物质概念的完成。

In the process of forming Marx's philosophy theory,youth Marx considered about the concept of matter going through a procedure from disparagement to acceptance,to deepening. Non-life stroma or substance was understood as the matter itself by Marx in the period of his Doctoral dissertation and the 'Rein Newspaper'. In 'Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right',Marx took the specific things as the starting point. It indicated that his position turned to the general Materialism. To the 'German-French Yearbooks' period,Human was established as the key to understanding the matter issues,then in 'Economic Philosophy Manuscript in 1844',interpersonal social relation was regarded as the basic principle of Materialism standing on the objectification theory,after that,in 'The Holy Family',Marx elucidated the point in the 'Economic Philosophy Manuscript in 1844' clearly. In 'The outline of Feuerbach',the unity of man and nature came true with the concept of practice,and in 'German Ideology',Historical existence was understood as the essential state of Substance,which marked the completion of the youth Marx's concept of matter.