小麦对全蚀病抗性的快速评价方法及其应用

A Simple Method for Assessment of Wheat Resistance to Take-all and Its Application

为建立一种小麦对全蚀病抗性的快速评价方法,将催芽2d的小麦种子置于垫有湿滤纸的培养皿中,在每个种子根中部接一个直径3mm的禾顶囊壳小麦变种的菌碟,25℃下室内培养5d,量取根上病斑的长度,利用病斑的平均长度确定小麦品种的抗病性以及病原菌致病力的强弱。用已知抗性的品种和已知致病力的菌株对该方法进行检验,得到了相符合的结果;用该方法对多个菌株的致病力进行测定,所得结果与盆栽法测定的结果有较高的相关性。表明该方法可用于小麦对全蚀病抗性的评价,具有快速、简便等优点。用该方法对58株全蚀病菌的致病力和53个小麦品种的抗病性进行了测试。结果显示,菌株间致病力有明显差异;小麦品种抗性水平普遍较低,中抗品种仅占13.2%,其余均为感病品种。

A laboratory method for assessment of wheat resistance to take-all was developed:2dold wheat seedlings were put on water-saturated filter papers matted in a Petri dish,each seminal root was soon inoculated at the middle point with a G.graminis var.tritici colonized agar disc 3mm in diameter.At 5dafter incubation at 25℃,the length of lesion on each inoculated root was measured.The mean lesion length was taken as the indicator of the resistance of wheat cultivars to take-all and the virulence of Ggt isolates as well.Cultivars with known resistance to take-all and isolates with known virulence were used to test the reliability of this method,accordant results were obtained.For further verification,a number of isolates were assayed by this method for their virulence,the results were highly correlated with that by pot experiment.So,this method was reliable as well as quick and simple.The virulence of 58isolates and the resistance of 53wheat cultivars were tested with this method.The virulence was significantly different among isolates and the resistance of wheat cultivars was generally low.Only 13.2%of the tested cultivars were moderately resistant with the rest were susceptible to take-all.